A #TALE OF TWO CITIES - #ECONOMICS AND #SCIENCE COLLIDE

 SURREAL ECONOMICS OR CONCRETE SCIENCE?

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way—in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.

Charles Dickens

A Tale of Two Cities

It is fascinating to note that the profound symbolism contained in what many believe to be the greatest novel ever written can be metaphorically applied to the human condition today. The great question facing humanity centers on how to measure its state, progress, and the remaining possible extent of human activities.  Are we wisely using the planet's resources and how long can these resources last and thereby human activities be sustained? To answer these questions we need metrics and numbers to know how we're doing and to see where we're going; for how long.

CITY ONE - SURREAL ECONOMICS

Over time the two cities have evolved to provide the metrics to answer these questions. The first city we refer to as the Theories of Surreal Economics. Its primary metric is global GDP and as we can see from the chart below human progress and achievements have been utterly astounding over the past 300 years, and by the way, so has population growth. What could be better?

GLOBAL POPULATION GROWTH

CITY TWO - CONCRETE SCIENCE

Well, the second city we refer to as the Truths of Concrete Science as they use a different set of metrics that present an opposing view of the human condition and the physical state of the planet's resources and what is required to sustain human activities. The key metrics thus work to measure the overall physical climate, resources, and ecology.  In other words, the real wealth of the planet and, not the abstract surreal version used by the first city.

Here are some charts that show how we're doing using these concrete metrics.

First, here is a recent report from our contact and friend Dr. James Hansen, a world-renowned climate scientist who was the first to testify before the US congress in 1988 and warn the lawmakers about the impending warming of the planet. The chart presented in Table 1  below is deeply disturbing - as it forms a graphical hockey stick similar to the GDP and Population charts above. 

This means that there is a high correlation and good chance of causality between GDP/Population growth and global warming. Extending these variables forwards means that we are heading to ever higher temperatures unless immediate actions are taken to either mitigate or somehow reverse this terrible trend. 

But climate is not the only concern of the second city. The next is resource consumption and how long before these critical resources are practically exhausted for global economic purposes.  Some researchers have targeted the exhaustion date at 2050 based on the current known planetary supplies. We can see from the hockey stick chart below - that just our consumption of critical energy sources over the past 200-plus years also strongly correlates with charts for GDP/Population growth.

These exponential growths in human activity, population, and global warming also adversely affect the other plants and creatures living on the planet which all work together to form the ecology and thereby provide a survivable habitat for humanity. There is also always the possibility that should any small critical link in the ecology be broken, then the whole system could crash into an abyss where unknown, unknowns would prevail.  

The hockey stick chart below again shows a correlation that infers increased human activity, GDP, and population growth results in species' extinctions increasing in tandem. We know that they can survive without us - but, can we survive without them?

CONCLUSION:

So there you have it - two different cities with the two views and realities that they assert. One says don't worry everything is fine - be happy. The other says we are rapidly heading into the abyss where we face the unknown, unknowns of dire consequences. It is truly amazing that what Charles Dickens historically wrote in 1859, can also apply symbolically to our world today - however, the biggest difference today is - we are simply running out of time to get it right.  

And so it is:

'we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way—in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.' 

- Charles Dickens

Global Temperature in 2022 FULL ONLINE REPORT 12 January 2023 James Hansen, Makiko Sato, and Reto Ruedy

Global surface temperature in 2022 was +1.16°C (2.1°F) in the GISS (Goddard Institute for Space Studies) analysis[1],[2],[3] relative to 1880-1920, tied for 5th warmest year in the instrumental record. The current La Nina cool phase of the El Nino/La Nina cycle – which dominates year-to-year global temperature fluctuation – had maximum annual cooling effect in 2022 (Fig. 1). Nevertheless, 2022 was ~0.04°C warmer than 2021, likely because of the unprecedented planetary energy imbalance (more energy coming in than going out). The already long La Nina is unlikely to continue, tropical neutral conditions are expected by Northern Hemisphere spring, with continued warming as the year progresses. Thus, 2023 should be notably warmer than 2022 and global temperature in 2024 is likely to reach +1.4-1.5°C, as our first Faustian payment of approximately +0.15°C is due.

Table 1. Rank of 10 warmest years in the instrumental record, based on GISS temperature analysis.

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THE #FUTURE #OUTLOOKS - KEY AREAS OF #CONCERN AND #RISK

 

Economic and Markets 2023 Outlook

WARNING 

What Worked for the Past Decades Will Not For The Next

WHAT'S COMING - GLOBAL RECESSION? DEPRESSION? COLLAPSE? 

The era of easy money is over.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 immediately reversed a decades-long push for globalization as NATO pushed its pledged boundaries.

Rampant inflation proved more structural than transitory as record stimulus led to inflation. This is now causing global central banks to pursue aggressive interest rate increases to tighten monetary policy as they attempt to reign in runaway prices. Good luck.

You can’t sell a NFT picture of an ape or a rock for $1M anymore.

Crypto seemed to learn nothing from the Lehman collapse, while Sam Bankerman-Fried (FTX) seems to have learned everything from the late Bernie Madoff.

Buffett took Woods out to the…Woodshed.

Value investing is cool again, and consensus looks to play defense in the first half of 2023.

WHERE IS BUFFET INVESTING?

In the months ahead our BLOG POSTS are going to walk through what we think are the most important concerns for 2023 and beyond:

• Cash Flow Matters Not Earnings Multiples

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• Defensive vs. Cyclical Growth Asset Classes

• Energy, Materials, Minerals, Arable Land and 

• Other Key Resource Declines

• Beware of Crypto Currency and Blockchain Scams or the “Next New AI Thing”

• Collapsing National Economies and Currencies Events 

• 
  

Nature Bats Last - Climate, 2050 Limits to Growth, Extreme Overpopulation Exponentials - Foreshadow End Times?

The New Arena

For sure, it’s now all about rates and what their knock-on effects are. In 2022, the impact that rates had was most heavily felt in financial markets.

For equities (e.g. NASDAQ, et al) - it was the effect of a total multiple collapse amongst the growth names that saw the unprofitable tech basket wipe 60-90% off their values. Taking a basket of high-growth software companies, they started the year off trading at an average of 35x EV/Revenue and now trade at 7x. That is a massive collapse of confidence in growth.

In the fixed-income market - over the last decade, we were in an environment of “There is No Alternative”  and now we are in a market where “There are Many Alternatives”.  As rates increased, bond prices got crushed to the point where they put up the second worst year ever on record, (you have to go back to the Great Depression to get #1)

However, you can now find yield everywhere across credit and bond markets instead of having to fish into the nefarious barrel of the red-hot alternatives of scam and criminal markets. As more capital crowds around fixed income markets, lighter volume in equities and crypto hoaxes will cause higher volatility making for a bumpy ride this year.

Of course, rates do not exist in a vacuum and are a global central bank tool used to navigate exogenous factors, but it helps us frame how the reactive policies dictate our investment profiles and keeping in mind that above all else: 

Nature Bats Last and thus humanity cannot defeat the physical outcomes of Exponential Mathematics.

Cash Flow Matters

A lot of ETF and factor people will proclaim that this was the year of value investing and that value investing is back. What they’re really trying to say is that operating margins and cash flow matter, and we couldn’t agree more.

Or else...

2023 BRINGS MOTHER OF ALL COLLAPSES

Executive Committee

Woodgreen Tenants' Association

January 1, 2023

#WORST DAY IN #HUMAN HISTORY AS #POPULATION REACHES 8 #BILLION - HERE'S WHY!

EDITOR'S NOTE

Last week the population of the planet surpassed eight billion people thereby doubling in number over the past fifty years. As a consequence we have grown the ecological, climate, resources, economic and agricultural food impacts by similar degrees. Consider for example, oil and natural gas that have expected reserves of 47 and 53 years, respectively, based on current global per capita consumption. So what happens when we double the population over the next fifty years?

Without factoring in the laws of diminishing returns these reserves may only last 25 years or less. Then what? Society will have no dependable sources of energy - as fossil fuels now provide more than 80 percent of the global energy needs and there are no practical alternatives. Renewable energy sources cannot meet the needs or replace them because they are too intermittent and have storage limitations. Moreover, they negatively affect the biosphere and will use up the precious arable land needed to feed the billions of new and hungry mouths.

In the final analysis, if there is any hope for a sustainable human society we need to stop doubling the population every 5o years, and learn how to Degrowth economic activity and contract population levels. 

Otherwise, we will be joining those other species in  the Sixth Extinction Hall of Shame in fairly short order.

Executive Committee

November 25,2022

 

Richard Heinberg

November 21, 2022

The Final Doubling

THE SIXTH EXTINCTION?

Politicians and economists talk glowingly about growth. They want our cities and GDP to grow. Jobs, profits, companies, and industries all should grow; if they don’t, there’s something wrong, and we must identify the problem and fix it. Yet few discuss doubling time, even though it’s an essential concept for understanding growth.

Doubling time helps us grasp the physical meaning of growth—which otherwise appears as an innocuous-looking number denoting the annual rate of change. At 1 percent annual growth, any given quantity doubles in about 70 years; at 2 percent growth, in 35 years; at 7 percent, in 10 years, and so on. Just divide 70 by the annual growth rate and you’ll get a good sense of doubling time. (Why 70? It’s approximately the natural logarithm of 2. But you don’t need to know higher math to do useful doubling-time calculations.)

REAL IMPACT OF EXPONENTIALS POPULATION AND ENERGY

Here’s why failure to think in terms of doubling time gets us into trouble. Most economists seem to believe that a 2 to 3 percent annual rate of growth for economies is healthy and normal. But that implies a doubling time of roughly 25 years. When an economy grows, it uses more physical materials—everything from trees to titanium. Indeed, the global economy has doubled in size in the last quarter-century, and so has total worldwide extraction of materials. Since 1997 we have used over half the non-renewable resources extracted since the origin of humans.

As the economy grows, it also puts out more waste. In the last 25 years, the amount of solid waste produced globally has soared from roughly 3 million tons per day to about 6 million tons per day.

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OVERPOPULATION, ENERGY, CLIMATE

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